CIRIA 104 Embedded Retaining Walls in Stiff Clay
I. Introduction
Although propped or cantilevered retaining walls are often constructed in stiff clay, their design can give rise to pioblems. These problems arise for two major reasons: the
reduction in soil strength with time, and the different methods in existence of defining factors of safety against collapse. The strength of stiff overconsolidated clay is greatest in the short term, so long-term conditions are critical unless additional support is
provided. Important differences exist between designs for temporary and permanent works. Different factors of safety are obtained for any particular design, depending on the method of calculation. This can lead to significant anomalies.
Download
http://s18.alxa.net/s18/srvs2/01/CIR...Stiff.Clay.rar